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A1 · Word Types

Pronouns (Personal & Possessive)

Pronouns are words that replace nouns so we don't have to repeat the same name over and over. English has several types of pronouns, and each one has its own position in a sentence — mixing them up is one of the most common mistakes learners make.

Zamirler, aynı ismi tekrar tekrar kullanmamak için isimlerin yerine geçen kelimelerdir. İngilizcede birkaç zamir türü vardır ve her biri cümlede farklı bir yerde durur — bunları karıştırmak öğrencilerin en sık yaptığı hatalardan biridir.

Annaproper nounShepronoun

A noun can be replaced by a pronoun: Anna → Sheİsmin yerine zamir kullanılır: Anna → She

📐 Rule

Subject Pronouns
Özne Zamirleri

  • I, you, he, she, it, we, they — used as the subject of a sentence, before the verb.
    I, you, he, she, it, we, they — cümlenin öznesi olarak, fiilden önce kullanılır.
  • Example: She works here. They live in Paris.
    Örnek: She works here. They live in Paris.

Object Pronouns
Nesne Zamirleri

  • me, you, him, her, it, us, them — used after a verb or a preposition (to, for, with, etc.).
    me, you, him, her, it, us, them — bir fiilden ya da edattan (to, for, with vb.) sonra kullanılır.
  • They are different from subject pronouns: I→me, he→him, she→her, we→us, they→them.
    Özne zamirinden farklıdırlar: I→me, he→him, she→her, we→us, they→them.
  • Example: Give it to me. I saw her yesterday.
    Örnek: Give it to me. I saw her yesterday.

Possessive Adjectives
İyelik Sıfatları

  • my, your, his, her, its, our, their — come BEFORE a noun and show ownership.
    my, your, his, her, its, our, their — bir isimden ÖNCE gelir ve sahiplik bildirir.
  • They cannot stand alone — they must be followed by a noun: my car, not just 'my'.
    Tek başına kullanılamazlar — mutlaka bir isimle birlikte gelirler: my car (sadece 'my' değil).
  • Example: This is my car. Their house is big.
    Örnek: This is my car. Their house is big.

Possessive Pronouns
İyelik Zamirleri

  • mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs — used WITHOUT a noun after them.
    mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs — yanlarında isim OLMADAN kullanılır.
  • Unlike possessive adjectives, they replace the noun completely: This book is mine (not 'mine book').
    İyelik sıfatının aksine, ismin yerini tamamen alır: This book is mine ('mine book' değil).
  • Example: Is this pen yours? That house is theirs.
    Örnek: Is this pen yours? That house is theirs.

Reflexive Pronouns
Dönüşlü Zamirler

  • myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
    myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
  • They show that the subject does the action to itself: She hurt herself.
    Öznenin eylemi kendi üzerinde yaptığını gösterir: She hurt herself.
  • They can also add emphasis: I did it myself.
    Vurgu yapmak için de kullanılabilirler: I did it myself.

✏️ Examples

  • She is my best friend.
    O benim en iyi arkadaşım.
  • Can you help me, please?
    Bana yardım edebilir misin lütfen?
  • This is our house.
    Bu bizim evimiz.
  • I saw them at the park.
    Onları parkta gördüm.
  • The dog is wagging its tail.
    Köpek kuyruğunu sallıyor.

⚠️ Common Mistakes

  • ✗ Give it to I.✓ Give it to me.
  • ✗ This is she book.✓ This is her book.

📖 Reading Passage

~1 min read

My Best Friend, Elif

Elif is my best friend. She lives near my house, and we walk to school together every morning. She is very kind, and I trust her completely. Whenever I have a problem, she always listens to me.

Elif has a younger brother named Kaan. He is only seven years old, but he is very smart. Elif and I sometimes take him to the park. He loves it when we push him on the swing.

Last weekend, Elif invited me to her house. Her parents cooked a wonderful dinner for us. We watched a movie together, and it was really funny. I am very lucky to have a friend like her.

Elif benim en iyi arkadaşım. Evimin yakınında oturuyor ve her sabah birlikte okula yürüyoruz. O çok nazik ve ona tamamen güveniyorum. Bir sorunum olduğunda, her zaman beni dinler.

Elif'in Kaan adında küçük bir erkek kardeşi var. O sadece yedi yaşında ama çok akıllı. Elif ve ben onu bazen parka götürüyoruz. Onu salıncakta ittiğimizde bunu çok seviyor.

Geçen hafta sonu, Elif beni evine davet etti. Ailesi bizim için harika bir akşam yemeği pişirdi. Birlikte bir film izledik ve gerçekten çok komikti. Onun gibi bir arkadaşım olduğu için çok şanslıyım.

🧠 Test Yourself

📝 Mini Quiz

0/5

1. This is ___ book, not yours.

2. Can you give it to ___?

3. ___ is my brother.

4. ___ car is parked outside.

5. The book is ___.

🔖 Summary — Quick Recap

  • Subject pronouns (I, he, she...) go before the verb.
    Özne zamirleri (I, he, she...) fiilden önce gelir.
  • Object pronouns (me, him, her...) go after the verb/preposition.
    Nesne zamirleri (me, him, her...) fiil/edattan sonra gelir.
  • Possessive adjective + noun: my car. Possessive pronoun alone: mine.
    İyelik sıfatı + isim: my car. İyelik zamiri tek başına: mine.
  • Reflexive (myself, herself...) shows the subject acts on itself.
    Dönüşlü zamirler (myself, herself...) öznenin kendine yaptığı eylemi gösterir.

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