Imperatives & Exclamatives

Imperative sentences are used to give instructions, make requests, offer advice, or issue warnings. Unlike other sentence types, the subject (you) is left out, and the verb starts the sentence in its base form.

Emir cümleleri; talimat vermek, rica etmek, tavsiye vermek ya da uyarmak için kullanılır. Diğer cümle türlerinden farklı olarak, özne (you) söylenmez ve fiil cümleye doğrudan kök haliyle başlar.

Imperatives omit the subject and start with the base verbEmirde özne söylenmez, fiil kökle başlar

📐 Rule

Positive Commands
Olumlu Emir

Start with the base form of the verb; the subject 'you' is not stated: Close the door. Sit down.
Fiil kökü ile başlar, özne (you) söylenmez: Close the door. Sit down.
'Please' can be added for politeness, at the start or end: Please sit down. Sit down, please.
Kibarlık için 'please' başa ya da sona eklenebilir: Please sit down. Sit down, please.

Negative Commands
Olumsuz Emir

Don't + base verb: Don't be late. Don't touch that.
Don't + fiil kökü: Don't be late. Don't touch that.
In formal writing, 'Do not' can also be used: Do not enter.
Resmi yazıda 'Do not' da kullanılabilir: Do not enter.

Suggestions with 'Let's'
'Let's' ile Ortak Teklif

Let's (Let us) + base verb suggests doing something TOGETHER with the listener: Let's go home.
Let's (Let us) + fiil kökü, dinleyiciyle BİRLİKTE bir şey yapmayı önerir: Let's go home.
The negative form is: Let's not + base verb: Let's not argue about this.
Olumsuzu: Let's not + fiil kökü: Let's not argue about this.

Warnings and Emphasis
Uyarı ve Vurgu

Urgent commands or warnings often end with an exclamation mark: Watch out! Stop!
Acil emir ya da uyarılar genelde ünlem işaretiyle biter: Watch out! Stop!
Commands can also be formed with 'be': Be careful! Be quiet!
'Be' fiili ile de emir kurulabilir: Be careful! Be quiet!

✏️ Examples

Open your books, please.
Kitaplarınızı açın lütfen.
Don't be late.
Geç kalma.
Let's take a break.
Hadi mola verelim.
Turn left at the corner.
Köşede sola dön.
Be careful!
Dikkatli ol!

⚠️ Common Mistakes

✗ You close the door.✓ Close the door.
✗ Not touch that.✓ Don't touch that.

📖 Reading Passage

~1 min read

How to Make a Perfect Cup of Tea

First, fill the kettle with fresh water and boil it. Then, put one tea bag into your favorite cup. Don't use boiling water immediately for green tea; wait a minute.

Pour the hot water carefully into the cup. Let the tea steep for three to five minutes. Don't remove the tea bag too early, or the tea will be weak.

Finally, add a little milk or honey if you like. Stir well, and enjoy your tea while it's warm. Relax and take a short break before you continue your day.

Önce su ısıtıcısını taze suyla doldur ve kaynat. Sonra, favori bardağına bir poşet çay koy. Yeşil çay için kaynar suyu hemen kullanma; bir dakika bekle.

Sıcak suyu dikkatlice bardağa dök. Çayın üç ila beş dakika demlenmesine izin ver. Poşet çayı çok erken çıkarma, yoksa çay hafif olur.

Son olarak, istersen biraz süt veya bal ekle. İyice karıştır ve çayının sıcakken keyfini çıkar. Rahatla ve gününe devam etmeden önce kısa bir mola ver.

🧠 Test Yourself

📝 Mini Quiz

0/5

1. ___ the window, please.

2. ___ be late again!

3. ___ go to the beach this weekend!

4. ___ shout, please — the baby is sleeping.

5. ___ careful with that glass!

🔖 Summary — Quick Recap

(Don't) + base verb!

Positive command: base verb, no subject — Close the door.
Olumlu emir: fiil kökü, özne yok — Close the door.
Negative command: Don't + base verb — Don't be late.
Olumsuz emir: Don't + fiil kökü — Don't be late.
Let's + base verb = a shared suggestion — Let's go.
Let's + fiil kökü = ortak bir öneri — Let's go.